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Bottom Line Management Accounting Practical Solutions to Real World Problems

Author/Moderator: James Lindell, CPA, MBA
Publisher: AICPA
Availability: In Stock
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Description

The success of any business is grounded in the basics of profitability and cash (liquidity) availability. This course is designed for accounting and finance managers and will reinforce these tenets and their connection to the key functions within managerial accounting.

Revisit and evaluate traditional and new approaches to cost control and profitability analysis. Develop project management skills. Increase productivity by appropriate use of information technology. Develop negotiating styles and understanding. Understand the importance, variety and sensitivity of user needs that accounting and finance serves. Develop your organization’s ability to obtain and understand competitive intelligence. This course teaches you to apply practical approaches to managerial accounting and finance. Implementation of these tools and techniques will help improve profitability, liquidity, project management and overall finance and accounting services.

Objectives: 
  • Apply tested and new approaches to profitability and liquidity management
  • Enhance information technology understanding and user skills
  • Learn effective project management skills and tools
  • Understand techniques to obtain competitive intelligence

Prerequisite: Management responsibility in finance, operations and accounting

Table of Contents

  • Chapter 0 - Overview
    • Comparison of Financial with Managerial Accounting
      • Emphasis on the Future
      • Relevance of Data
      • Less Emphasis on Precision
      • Segments of an Organization
      • Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)
      • Decentralization
      • Line and Staff Relationships
    • Current Business Environment
  • Chapter 1 - Competitive Intelligence
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • Competitive Intelligence Defined
    • Competitive Intelligence Benefits
    • History of Competitive Intelligence
      • Setting Intelligence Objectives
      • Collecting and Organizing the Data
      • Analyzing and Interpreting the Data
      • Disseminating the Information
      • Taking Actionable Steps
    • Advanced Tools
      • War Gaming
      • Scenario Planning
      • Competitor Response Modeling
    • Building a CI system
    • Current CI Practices
      • Survey Highlights
    • CI Tools
      • What Are Google Alerts?
      • Other Clipping News Retrieval Services
    • SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats)
      • Strengths
      • Weaknesses
      • Opportunities
      • Threats
      • The Implications
    • Competitive Intelligence Software
      • Choosing a Competitive Intelligence Solution
      • Examples of Criteria to Be Included In a CI Software Tool
      • Example of Components of Competitive Intelligence Software
      • Other CI Resources
      • CI Software
    • Questions
    • Appendix - Ostriches& Eagles - Competitive Intelligence Usage and Understanding in U.S. Companies
  • Chapter 2 - Successful Negotiation
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • Four Major Principles of Negotiation
      • Separate the People from the Problem
      • Focus on Interests, Not Positions
      • Invent Options for Mutual Gain
      • Insist on Objective Criteria
    • Life Cycle of Negotiation
    • Steps of Negotiation
      • Step 1: What You Want - Your Position
      • Step 2: What the Other Party Wants - Their Position
      • Step 3: Understand the Negotiation Situation
      • Step 4: Determine the Negotiation Strategy
      • Step 5: Implement the Strategy
      • Step 6: Evaluate the Outcome
    • Negotiation Tactics
      • The Nibble Tactic
      • The Hot Potato Tactic
      • The Higher Authority Tactic
      • The Set Aside Technique
      • The Puppy Dog Technique
      • The Reluctant Buyer/Reluctant Seller Technique
      • The Want It All Technique
      • Good Cop/Bad Cop Routine
      • The Flinch Technique
      • The Red Herring Tactic
      • Body Language and Facial Actions
    • The Negotiation Exercise
    • Questions
  • Chapter 3 - Business Performance Measures
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • Traditional Measurements
    • Examples of Non-Financial Measurements
      • Manufacturing and Production Indicators
      • Sales and Marketing
      • People
      • Research and Development
      • Environment
    • The Case for Non-Financial Measurements
    • Limitations to Performance Measures
    • Linkage between Strategy and Performance Measurement Systems
    • The Role of the Management Accountant
    • Software Tools for BPM
    • References
    • Questions
    • Appendix A - Performance Measurement Checklist (from Vistage/TEC)
    • Appendix B - Excerpt (Executive Summary) Serving the American Public: Best Practices in Performance Measurement 1997
      • Study Findings
      • Not an End, But a Beginning
    • Appendix C - Directory of BPM Software (Alphabetized by Vendor Name)
  • Chapter 4 - Planning and Budgeting
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • The Real Value Driver of an Organization
    • Overview of Planning Process
    • Budgeting Best Practices
      • Automatically Link the Budget to Purchase Orders
      • Budget by Groups of Staff Positions
      • Clearly Define All Assumptions
      • Clearly Define All Capacity Levels
      • Create a Summarized Budget Model for Use by Upper Management
      • Establish Project Ranking Criteria
      • Identify Step-costing Change Points
      • Include a Working Capital Analysis
      • Issue a Budget Procedure and Timetable
      • Link to Performance Measurements and Rewards
      • Reduce the Number of Accounts
      • Simplify the Budget Model
      • Store Budget Information in a Central Database
      • Use Activity-Based Budgeting
      • Use On-Line Budget Updating
      • Use Video Conferencing for Budget Updating
    • Pitfalls in the Budgeting Process
      • Overhead and Cost Allocations
      • Empowerment
      • Myth of Controllable Costs
      • Return on Investment IT Projects
      • Errors in Budget Projects, Forecasts
      • Danger of Growth and Rule of Thumb for Growth
      • Mistakes in Sales Forecast Process
      • Management Buy-In
      • Lack of Ownership
      • Sandbagging
      • Analyzing Variances but Never Taking Action
      • Assuming That the Existence of Revenue is Indicative of Being Cash-Flow Positive
    • How Can We Improve the Accuracy of Our Budgets and Projects?
      • Forecasting - A Different Approach
      • Overview of @RISK Software
    • Questions
  • Chapter 5 - Managerial Cost Concepts
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • Cost Classification
    • Upstream vs. Downstream Costs
      • Service Companies and Product Cost
      • Managerial Reports and Cost
    • Managerial Accounting Trends
      • Benchmarking
      • Total Quality Management
      • Activity Based Management
      • Just in Time
      • Material Accuracy vs. Detail Accuracy
    • Cost Behavior, Operating Leverage, and Profitability Analysis
      • Fixed Cost Behavior
      • Variable Cost Behavior
      • Conversion of Variable Costs into Fixed Costs
    • Effect of Cost Structure on Profits Stability
    • Contribution Margin
      • Operating Leverage Using Contribution Margin
    • Cost Averaging
    • Semi-Variable Costs
      • High-Low Method
      • Scattergraph Method
    • Contribution Margin Tools
      • Breakeven Analysis
      • Estimate of Sales Volume to Attain a Target Profit
      • Sensitivity
      • Margin of Safety
      • Sensitivity Analysis
    • The Decision-Making Process
      • Other Concerns
      • Closing Down Unprofitable Segments
      • Relationship of Cost Avoidance to a Cost Hierarchy
    • Questions
  • Chapter 6 - Cost Allocation Issues for the Managerial Accountant
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • Cost Accumulation and Cost Drivers
    • The Role of Estimates and Actual Costs
    • Allocation of Indirect Costs to Objects
    • Selecting the Best Cost Driver
    • Allocating Fixed Overhead Costs
      • Issues with Fixed Overhead Costs
    • Establishment of Cost Pools
    • Allocation of Joint Costs
      • By-Product Costs
    • Cost Allocation - The Human Factor
    • Reminders for Cost Allocation Decisions
    • Creating a Cost Allocation Plan
    • Questions
    • Appendix - Model Cost Allocation for NPO
  • Chapter 7 - Emerging Trends - Lean Concepts and the Managerial Accountant
    • Learning Objectives
    • Introduction
    • Applying Lean Concepts to the Accounting Function
      • Value
      • Value Stream
      • Flow
      • Pull
      • Perfection
    • What is Waste?
      • Overproduction
      • Inventory
      • Defects
      • Extra Processing Time
      • Waiting Time
      • Underutilized People
      • Motion
      • Transportation
    • 5 S's
      • Sort
      • Set in Order
      • Shine
      • Standardize
      • Sustain
    • Kaizen and Kanban
    • Application of Lean Concepts
    • Lean Management Accounting
      • Lean Data Collection - Eliminating Operational Transactions
      • Lean Performance Measurement
      • Cell Performance Measurements
      • Value Stream Performance Measurements
      • Product Costing
    • Questions
    • Appendix - Glossary of Lean Manufacturing Terms
  • Chapter 8 - Ethics Focus: Business and Industry
    • Ethics Overview
    • Recent Developments
    • Key Ethical Dilemmas
    • Addressing Ethical Dilemmas
    • Available Resources
  • Chapter 9 - Latest Developments

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Excerpts

Chapter 1

Competitive Intelligence

Learning Objectives

Managerial accounting supports the operational decision maker. In this chapter, we will examine how better access as well as understanding of competitive intelligence can influence the decisions that managers make. Competitive intelligence has become more important in recent years as companies search for every opportunity to gain an advantage in profitability. In this chapter we will cover the following:

  • What is competitive intelligence
  • What are the benefits of a competitive intelligence function
  • The five steps in the Competitive Intelligence function
  • Competitive Intelligence tools

Introduction

If we were to scan the traditional textbooks for managerial accounting courses, we will find items such as cost behavior, operating leverage, profitability analysis, analysis of cost, volume and pricing, cost accumulation tracing and allocation, etc. It is true that all these help to make a better-informed decision within the overall organization structure. However, many of the above processes are incomplete unless the manager considers the steps that their competitors are taking. These steps are better understood and countered by the use of Competitive Intelligence.

Let us examine a brief example. The author was trying to sell an HVAC company in Chicago. He used all of the business valuation tools and came up with an appropriate methodology to determine what price should be asked for the company. Through appropriate valuation techniques a realistic value was arrived at. However, the author also had access to www.bizbuysell.com. This is an internet site that lists businesses for sale across the entire country and even some international locations. On that site, there were forty HVAC companies for sale. In almost all cases, the asking price, the cash flow, and the revenue size were provided on the companies as well as the general location where the companies resided. It was a very simple process to calculate the following ratios:

  1. Asking price to cashflow
  2. Revenue size to cashflow

Once the multiples were calculated, a range of valuations was created for the forty companies. The Competitive Intelligence dictated what the market value was for an HVAC company. The traditional valuation methodology was not as significant as compared to the actual asking price in the market. The forty companies on the market would dictate the price. Even though this is a merger and acquisition example, the same concepts hold for the analysis of managerial accounting work that is performed within our companies. We can create fantastic analysis and determine all of the proper numbers based on internal information. If the competitive information is ignored, there is a chance that the decision that is reached will be erroneous. That is why we will spend the time to understand the role of Competitive Intelligence and how we can use it to improve operational decisions.

Competitive Intelligence Defined

To begin, let us understand what Competitive Intelligence is. There are many different definitions of Competitive Intelligence. For our purposes, we will use the definition that was created by the Society of Competitive Intelligence Professionals. Their website is www.scip.org.

Competitive Intelligence: A systematic and ethical program for gathering, analyzing, and managing external information that can affect your company's plans, decisions, and operations.

Put another way, CI is the process of enhancing marketplace competitiveness through a greater – yet unequivocally ethical – understanding of a firm's competitors and the competitive environment.

Specifically, it is the legal collection and analysis of information regarding the capabilities, vulnerabilities, and intentions of business competitors conducted by using information databases and other open sources and through ethical inquiry. SCIP members conduct CI for large and small companies providing management with early warning of changes in the competitive landscape.

CI enables senior managers in companies of all sizes to make informed decisions about everything from marketing, R&D, and investing tactics to long-term business strategies. In effect CI is a continuous process involving the legal and ethical collection of information analysis that does not avoid unwelcome conclusions and controlled dissemination of actionable intelligence to decision-makers.

Competitive Intelligence Benefits

What are the benefits of having a Competitive Intelligence function?

  • It helps companies identify market gaps and allows them to fill those gaps quicker than their competitors.
  • It allows the company to address and meet the specific customer's needs.
  • It points out competitor's weaknesses and helps to determine how to exploit these weaknesses.
  • By identifying the best opportunity in the marketplace. It allows the company to focus its resources and reduce the costs that would be wasted on areas that are not as productive.
  • It allows the company to protect itself from its competitors by allowing it to be proactive in market responses and to offset any moves that the competitors make.
  • Assuming that the company is willing to make decisions, it allows the company to be in the state of readiness to take those actions in a proactive manner resulting in industry leadership position.
  • Companies and shareholders should realize higher investment returns and profitability with successful use of CI.

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Videocourse Details

NASBA Field of Study: Finance
Level: Intermediate
Recommended CPE Credit: 10
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